DATA INTEGRATION OF DIFFERENT DOMAINS IN GEO-INFORMATION MANAGEMENT: A RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE CASE STUDY

A 3D city model is a representation of an urban environment with a three-dimensional geometry of common urban objects and structures, with buildings as the most prominent feature. In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for visualisation; however, nowadays they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains and for a broad range of tasks beyond visualisation. The MUIF (Modello Unico dell’Infrastruttura Fisica) project, here illustrated as a case study, refers to the implementation of a single spatial model of the infrastructure of Italy’s railway system (RFI). The authors describe preliminary results and the critical aspects of the study they are carrying out, explaining the processes and methodology to model all datasets into a single integrated spatial model as the reference base for future continuously updates. The case study refers to data collected by different sources and at various resolutions. An integrated spatial Database has been used for modelling topographic 3D objects, traditionally implemented in a 3D city model, as well as other specific 3D objects, related to the railway infrastructure that, usually, aren’t modelled in a 3D city model, following the same methodology as the first ones.</p

Considerazioni sui casi di tumore nell’Area della Ricerca di Firenze del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Recentemente, tra i dipendenti dell’Area della Ricerca di Firenze del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) presso il Polo Scientifico di Sesto Fiorentino si è verificato un numero preoccupante di casi di tumore. L’Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (ASF) e l’Istituto per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica (ISPO) di Firenze, con l’interessamento dell’Azienda Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale della Toscana, hanno indagato la questione, concludendo che il numero di casi verificatisi non è statisticamente superiore alla media territoriale e che non è stata riscontrata la presenza di fattori di rischio ambientale. Questo documento evidenzia svariati aspetti critici, sia nel merito che nel metodo, dell’indagine condotta, con particolare riferimento all’approfondimento statistico. In conclusione, si ritiene che l’intervento di ASF-ISPO non costituisca un’indagine accurata e che sia stato insuffi- ciente e sbrigativo. Si raccomandano ulteriori approfondimenti e interventi di monitoraggio e prevenzione sul personale e sull’ambiente dell’Area CNR, del Polo Scientifico e della Piana in generale

M-BIM: a new tool for the Galleria dell&#8217;Accademia di Firenze

[EN] The paper deals with an ongoing research activity for developing a Building Information Model (BIM) for the facility and collections management of museums. The BIM success lies not only in its application for the design and construction of buildings but also because it helps the information management of a building throughout its life cycle. Compared to other activities, in museums management, the container/content relationship is essential for the preventive conservation of artworks, according to national and international guidelines. Then, an effective BIM-based museum information system linked to external databases (called M-BIM) should include also the art collections for managing information regarding both the building and artworks by 3D objects handling. This facilitates the management of the procedures prescribed by international best practices (as the facility and conservation reports set up for the loan of artworks) or by Italian regulations (as to check the compliance of a museum with the minimum standards or to archive renovations and temporary exhibitions). The proposed methodology has been tested on the Galleria dell’Accademia di Firenze (Florence, Italy), situated in a complex heritage building. Starting from data acquired during a laser scanner survey carried out in 2011, a HBIM of the whole building has been created. Then, the sculptures and paintings of a consistent part of the museum have been modelled with different approaches and inserted as BIM objects. Artworks instances include 3D geometry and physical data (dimensions, materials, weight, etc.), other data are obtained from links to already existing external catalogues. A database conceptual model has been formalised, according to INSPIRE Consolidated Unified Modelling Language (UML) of the INSPIRE Directive, with the aim to maintain the independence of the BIM approach but improving data connection with other databases and sources.Highlights:A holistic information management system for museums (M-BIM) is proposed, including both information on the building and the collections.International and Italian guidelines, and best practices on museums management are compared.The Galleria dell’Accademia di Firenze is used as a case study for testing the application of M-BIM on a heritage building.[ES] El artículo trata una investigación en curso que aborda el desarrollo del modelado de información de la construcción (BIM) para la gestión de instalaciones y colecciones de museos. El éxito del BIM no reside sólo en su aplicación en el diseño y la construcción de edificios, sino también en que ayuda en la gestión de la información de una construcción durante todo su ciclo de vida. En comparación con otras actividades, en la gestión de los museos, la relación contenedor/contenido es esencial en la conservación preventiva de las obras de arte, de acuerdo con las directrices nacionales e internacionales. Entonces, un sistema eficaz de información museística mediante BIM y que se enlace con bases de datos externas (denominado M-BIM) debería incluir las colecciones de arte para la gestión de la información relativa tanto al edificio como a las obras de arte mediante la manipulación de objetos en 3D. Esto facilita la gestión de los procedimientos prescritos por las mejores prácticas internacionales (como los informes de instalación y conservación establecidos para el préstamo de obras de arte) o por la normativa italiana (como el control de la conformidad de un museo con los estándares mínimos o almacenar renovaciones y exposiciones temporales). La metodología propuesta se ha probado en la Galleria dell’Accademia di Firenze (Italia), situada en un edificio patrimonial de gran complejidad. Se ha creado un HBIM de todo el edificio a partir de los datos capturados en 2011 en un levantamiento con escáner láser. Después, las esculturas y pinturas de una parte consistente del museo se han modelado con diferentes enfoques e insertado como objetos BIM. Los ejemplos de obras de arte incluyen geometría 3D y datos físicos (dimensiones, materiales, peso, etc.), otros datos se obtienen a partir de enlaces a catálogos externos ya existentes. Se ha formalizado un modelo conceptual de bases de datos, según el el lenguaje unificado de modelado (UML) Consolidado INSPIRE de la Directiva INSPIRE, con el objetivo de mantener la independencia del procedimiento BIM, pero mejorando la conexión de los datos con otras bases de datos y fuentes.The research has been carried out as part of the GAMHer project: Geomatics Data Acquisition and Management for Landscape and Built Heritage in a European Perspective, PRIN:–Bando 2015, Prot. 2015HJLS7E.Tucci, G.; Conti, A.; Fiorini, L.; Corongiu, M.; Valdambrini, N.; Matta, C. (2019). M-BIM: una nueva herramienta para la Galleria dell'Accademia di Firenze (Florencia). Virtual Archaeology Review. 10(21):40-55. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.11943SWORD4055102

On the Implementation of a regional X-bandweather radar network

In the last few years, the number of worldwide operational X-band weather radars has rapidly been growing, thanks to an established technology that offers reliability, high performance, and reduced efforts and costs for installation and maintenance, with respect to the more widespread C- and S-band systems. X-band radars are particularly suitable for nowcasting activities, as those operated by the LaMMA (Laboratory of Monitoring and Environmental Modelling for the sustainable development) Consortium in the framework of its institutional duties of operational meteorological surveillance. In fact, they have the capability to monitor precipitation, resolving very local scales, with good spatial and temporal details, although with a reduced scanning range. The Consortium has recently installed a small network of X-band weather radars that partially overlaps and completes the existing national radar network over the north Tyrrhenian area. This paper describes the implementation of this regional network, detailing the aspects related with the radar signal processing chain that provides the final reflectivity composite, starting from the acquisition of the signal power data. The network performances are then qualitatively assessed for three case studies characterised by different precipitation regimes and different seasons. Results are satisfactory especially during intense precipitations, particularly regarding what concerns their spatial and temporal characterisation

Multi-Sensor UAV Application for Thermal Analysis on a Dry-Stone Terraced Vineyard in Rural Tuscany Landscape

Italian dry-stone wall terracing represents one of the most iconic features of agricultural landscapes across Europe, with sites listed among UNESCO World Heritage Sites and FAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS). The analysis of microclimate modifications induced by alterations of hillslope and by dry-stone walls is of particular interest for the valuation of benefits and drawbacks of terraces cultivation, a global land management technique. The aim of this paper is to perform a thermal characterization of a dry-stone wall terraced vineyard in the Chianti area (Tuscany, Italy), to detect possible microclimate dynamics induced by dry-stone terracing. The aerial surveys were carried out by using two sensors, in the Visible (VIS) and Thermal InfraRed (TIR) spectral range, mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), with two different flights. Our results reveal that, in the morning, vineyard rows close to dry-stone walls have statistically lower temperatures with respect to the external ones. In the afternoon, due to solar insulation, temperatures raised to the same value for each row. The results of this early study, jointly with the latest developments in UAV and sensor technologies, justify and encourage further analyses on local climatic modifications in terraced landscapes

Modellierung von Eisenbahnen im Kontext Interoperabler Geodaten

In geospatial information, the interoperability term must be defined at different levels to fully consider the design of complex spatial infrastructures: sematic, schematic, syntax, and, above all, on processes and steps required to be shared in a common framework. The interoperability issue is the keystone of the research topic and is analysed through different aspects and points of view, with a focus on three relevant aspects. First of all, the 3D information: from the cartographic point of view (2.5D) to fully 3D models. Then, the link between reference geoinformation and geospatial thematic applications applied in the context of railway infrastructures. Finally, multi-source information in an integrated spatial database is analysed in management, validation, and update over time. The proposed approach starts from the reference data based on 3D geotopographic information. The research aims to devise a prototype process of a 3D data model able to describe firstly geospatial databases derived from cartography maps, then a spatial model shareable among different territorial applications and analysis. 3D city models and Building Information Model (BIM) connection has been considered. The case study refers to railway infrastructure contents. Consequently, the research objectives touch the following aspects: the evolution of base cartography toward spatial databases, the connection between a 3D geospatial database and a 3D city modelling, the connection between 3D city modelling and BIM, the connection between geo- reference and geo-thematic applications in the context of railways, the role of point clouds data within spatial databases, and the multi-source geospatial information management. To summarise, the thesis focuses on outlining a road map to keep interoperability using geographical standards and formal steps. Each step runs as a liaison point between different spatial data applications. Independence from technological platforms or application formats has been one of the mandatory requirements.Bei Geoinformationen muss der Interoperabilitätsbegriff auf verschiedenen Ebenen definiert werden, um die Gestaltung komplexer räumlicher Infrastrukturen umfassend zu berücksichtigen: sematisch, schematisch, Syntax und vor allem über Prozesse und Schritte, die in einem gemeinsamen Rahmen geteilt werden müssen. Die Interoperabilitätsfrage ist der Grundpfeiler des Forschungsthemas und wird unter verschiedenen Aspekten und Sichtweisen analysiert, wobei der Fokus auf drei relevanten Aspekten liegt. Zunächst die 3D-Informationen: aus kartografischer Sicht (2,5D) bis hin zu vollständigen 3D-Modellen. Dann die Verbindung zwischen Referenzgeoinformationen und raumbezogenen thematischen Anwendungen, die im Kontext von Eisenbahninfrastrukturen angewendet werden. Schließlich werden Informationen aus mehreren Quellen in einer integrierten räumlichen Datenbank bei der Verwaltung, Validierung und Aktualisierung im Laufe der Zeit analysiert. Der vorgeschlagene Ansatz geht von den Referenzdaten aus, die auf geotopographischen 3D-Informationen basieren. Die Forschung zielt darauf ab, einen prototypischen Prozess eines 3D-Datenmodells zu entwickeln, das in der Lage ist, zunächst aus kartografischen Karten abgeleitete Geodatenbanken und dann ein räumliches Modell zu beschreiben, das von verschiedenen territorialen Anwendungen und Analysen geteilt werden kann. 3D-Stadtmodelle und die Anbindung von Building Information Models (BIM) wurden in Betracht gezogen. Die Fallstudie bezieht sich auf die Inhalte der Eisenbahninfrastruktur. Die Forschungsziele berühren daher folgende Aspekte: die Entwicklung der Basiskartographie hin zu räumlichen Datenbanken, die Verbindung zwischen einer 3D-Geodatendatenbank und einer 3D-Stadtmodellierung, die Verbindung zwischen 3D-Stadtmodellierung und BIM, die Verbindung zwischen Georeferenz und Geo- thematische Anwendungen im Eisenbahnkontext, die Rolle von Punktwolkendaten in räumlichen Datenbanken und das Multi-Source Geoinformationsmanagement. Zusammenfassend konzentriert sich die Dissertation darauf, eine Roadmap zu skizzieren, um die Interoperabilität mit geografischen Standards und formalen Schritten aufrechtzuerhalten. Jeder Schritt wird als Verbindungspunkt zwischen verschiedenen Geodatenanwendungen ausgeführt. Die Unabhängigkeit von technologischen Plattformen oder Anwendungsformaten war eine der zwingenden Anforderungen